What Others Manifest?

Abstract

FOREWORD The First International Conference on Critical Issues in Business and Economics (ICIBE) was held in Gümüşhane, Turkiye on 5-6 November 2009. The purpose of this annual conference is to establish an academic forum for substantive dialogue among researchers to exchange their ideas and researches about critical aspects of business and economics. 2009’s theme was “What Others Manifest?” and was focused on the issues that the world economy has been facing by Global Financial Crisis (GFC) since 2007. This book contains most of the papers presented at the conference and they cover various critical topics which focus on global financial crisis from the perspective of different cultures, countries and settings. Many colleagues were engaged in making the 2009 conference a success. The greatest debt is to the authors. We also would like to thank to reviewers and faculty staff for their support and devoting time to make this event available.