Determination of Yield, Yield Components, and some Quality Parameters of Bread Wheat (hexaploid) Cultivars with Different Origin in Arid Agricultural Conditions

Abstract

There is need to breed wheat cultivars that are important in human nutrition with high seed yields and improved quality in terms of consumption. This study was conducted at Gumushane-Siran (Turkey) during the 2016-2017 and 2017-2018 cultivation seasons (winter) to identify bread wheat cultivars that show superior performance in terms of seed yield and quality characteristics. This research included 20 bread wheat cultivars using three replications based on the randomized complete block design. Heading date, plant height, spike length, number of seeds per spike, grain weight per spike, seed yield, and some quality characteristics (thousand seed weight, hectoliter weight, protein percentages, Zeleny sedimentation, and wet gluten percentage values) of cultivars were investigated. The maximum seed yield was obtained from Canik 2003 cultivar with 3749 kg ha(-1), the lowest seed yield was noted as 3032 kg ha(-1) in the Mufitbey cultivar. However, Canik 2003 cultivar came to the forefront in terms of spike length, number of seeds per spike, grain weight per spike, hectoliter weight, thousand seed weight, protein percentages, Zeleny sedimentation, and wet gluten percentage. In the cultivars included in the experiment, it was determined that there were positive and significant correlations between seed yield and number of seeds per spike, thousand seed weight, hectoliter weight, wet gluten percentage value, grain weight per spike, and protein percentages. The results showed that Canik 2003, Ekiz, Goksu-99, Karahan-99, and Selimiye come to the fore in terms of yield and yield elements and quality characteristics, and it seems appropriate to recommend.