İktisat Bölümü Koleksiyonu
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12440/58
2024-03-28T11:52:11ZForeign Aid, Institutions, and Economic Performance in Developing Countries
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12440/6156
Foreign Aid, Institutions, and Economic Performance in Developing Countries
Hayaloglu, Pinar
Although official development assistance presents a solution for developing countries to overcome the lack of capital, there is no consensus in the literature on the effectiveness of foreign aid. Moreover, opinions claiming that aid can only affect growth positively under certain conditions see institutional quality as an essential aspect that boosts the positive impact of aid. This study examines the relationships between foreign aid, institutional structure, and economic performance for 80 countries in Europe, America, Africa, and Asia. It is found that official development assistance and the quality of institutional structure in the sample countries affect economic growth positively. It also provides some suggestive evidence showing that foreign aid has a positive effect on the institutional structure.
2023-01-01T00:00:00ZEducation and reproductive health: evidence from schooling expansion in Turkey
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12440/6130
Education and reproductive health: evidence from schooling expansion in Turkey
Prabal K De; Muhammed Tümay
We investigate the role of additional years of schooling mandated by a compulsory schooling expansion law in affecting reproductive preferences and safe reproductive health behaviors in Turkey-a middle-to-high-income country with gender inequity in education but overall high levels of safe reproductive health practices at the time of passing the law. Using a fuzzy regression discontinuity design, we find that the additional schooling improved several health behaviors. However, the effects on some outcomes commonly analyzed in the existing literature, such as contraceptive use or fertility, were either weak or insignificant. Overall, our findings complement the current literature on the marginal health benefits of schooling expansion and suggest that policymakers consider the institutional and cultural factors while evaluating the scope and potential non-educational benefits of such expansions.
2024-01-01T00:00:00ZThe Relationship between Urbanization, Energy Consumption and Carbon Dioxide Emissions: Panel Ardl Analysis for Newly Industrialized Countries
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12440/6118
The Relationship between Urbanization, Energy Consumption and Carbon Dioxide Emissions: Panel Ardl Analysis for Newly Industrialized Countries
Akyol, Mehmet
An increase in the world population, technological advancement, and economic concerns bring along an increase in urbanization and energy consumption. Increasing urbanization speed and energy consumption cause environmental problems. The main hypothesis of this study is based on the idea that urbanization rate and energy consumption increase carbon dioxide emissions in developing countries. To test this hypethesis, the study ana-lyzed the relationship between urbanization, energy consump-tion, and carbon dioxide emission specific to newly industrialized countries. Panel ARDL method was utilized in this study that scrutinized the years between 1990 and 2018. According to the long-term results of the analysis, urbanization negatively affects carbon dioxide emission in the country group aforementioned; energy consumption and economic growth that is control vari-able have a positive effect on carbon-dioxide emission. Regarding short-term results, only the energy consumption positively af-fects carbon dioxide emission while other variables are statisti-cally insignificant. The results of the analysis reveal the necessity of policies towards smart city applications in reducing carbon dioxide emissions in newly industrialized countries. In addition, turning to renewable sources in energy consumption plays a key role in reducing carbon dioxide emissions.
2023-01-01T00:00:00ZHow Does Being Trusted Affect Sharing? Findings from the Ultimatum Game
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12440/6098
How Does Being Trusted Affect Sharing? Findings from the Ultimatum Game
Cicen, Yildirim Beyazit
According to economic models, individuals are rational, possess full knowledge, and strive to maximize their utility beyond their actual characteristics. Nevertheless, in the real world, people shape their behavior within a social structure and can display altruistic attitudes. This study investigates how trust facilitates sharing among individuals. To determine this, the Ultimatum Game was conducted with 412 participants. Three cases were determined, and the bidder was instructed to divide 10 thousand TL first in the typical game. Afterward, it was said that the other person was in need, and the bid was requested to be renewed. At the last stage, bids were received if there was any doubt about the needy. According to the typical game, people are more empathetic towards those in need and offer 6667 TL rather than 4264 TL. However, when a question of reliability is raised, 4658 TL is offered regardless of need. The findings show that the neoclassical economics concept of homo economicus, which seeks to maximize utility, is not valid in real life.
2023-01-01T00:00:00Z